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Part IV: Violations
Part IV of the General Comment deals with potential violations of the right to water, identifying two main types of violation:
- Acts of commission: the direct actions of States parties or other entities insufficiently regulated by States
- Acts of omission – including the failure to take steps towards the full realisation of everyone’s right to water
The Comment then provides examples of violations of the right to water under each of the three main types of obligation: respect, protect, fulfil.
- Violations of the obligation to respect the right to water might include arbitrary or unjustified disconnection or exclusion from water services
- Violations of the obligation to protect the right to water might include the failure to enact or enforce laws to prevent the contamination and inequitable extraction of water
- Violations of the obligation to fulfil the right to water might include insufficient expenditure or misallocation of public resources, which results in the non-enjoyment of the right to water
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